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海外媒体刷屏，外星人接触地球？_我的网站

半斤八两

一 | 外星人再次刷屏幕…昨天，媒体报道说，科学家发表了一篇论文说“在宇宙深处已经探测到神秘的无线电信号”，人们开始讨论宇宙深处的神秘信号是否应该得到响应。

二 | 外星人来了吗？你转发信息时有“不回应”吗？但事实上，你理解这篇论文吗？根据1月9日在《自然》杂志上发表的两篇论文，加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省的加拿大氢强度测绘实验（CHIME）射电望远镜在短短两个月内探测到多达13次新的快速射电爆发（FRB）事件。其中七个新发现的快速无线电风暴的频率接近400兆赫，这是迄今为止探测到的最低频率的频响。 The origin of the bloody conflict happening in Gaza and Israel is complicated given the long, disputed history of the region, according to experts who have spent decades studying the region.As the attacks continue in both countries, the experts fear that any attempts at truly achieving peace between the Palestinians and Israelis may have been pushed back heavily.Susannah Heschel, the chair of the Jewish Studies Program at Dartmouth University, who has written several books about this region, told ABC News that the conflicts run deep and as far back as the Middle Ages, but specifically, the most modern clashes have stemmed from the fallout of the 1967 Arab-Israeli war.

On ABC News Live at 8:30 pm on Thursday, Oct. 12, ABC News' James Longman, Matt Gutman and Ian Pannell look at the horrendous toll from Hamas' massacre, the Israelis and Palestinians caught in the middle and what comes next.

The war, known in Israel as the Six-Day War, ended with Israel gaining control of several territories, including the Gaza Strip, and that has led to the violence and political fallout that has befallen the area currently, Heschel, the school's Eli M. Black Distinguished Professor of Jewish Studies, said."What we are seeing today is the consequence of that war, or how the various parties to that war …responded to the end," she told ABC News.Following its battles with Egypt, Lebanon, Syria and Jordan, Israel touted its swift victory and new territory, which included lands with long historical significance to Israeli Jews, Heschel, who is teaching a course on the war this semester, said.At the same time, Israel had to deal with an influx of Arabs who now lived under its control, and the retaliation from the neighboring countries who still disputed Israel's claims over the land, she said."The question is, was that victory in fact in some way not a victory? Because the consequence of it was an enormous headache for Israel," Heschel said.Israel has been the target of several military excursions by the nations in that war, particularly Egypt, to try and regain some of that land including during the 1973 Arab-Israeli War, known in Israel as the Yom Kippur War. Egypt would eventually regain the Sinai Peninsula in 1982, following an agreement it signed with Israel three years prior.Gaza, however, remained under Israeli control and tensions continued to flare between Palestinians and Israelis who had begun constructing settlements in the region.The tensions came to a turning point in 1987 during the First Intifada, or "uprising," when Palestinians started to violently rebel against Israeli forces and civilians. It was during this time that Hamas emerged and began to stage violent strikes against Israeli forces.Chuck Freilich, a former deputy national security adviser in Israel and long-time senior fellow at Harvard's Kennedy School, told ABC News that Hamas' stance is simply to "wipe Israel off the map," and it has suppressed anyone within the Palestinian community who doesn't adhere to that."It's not a question of recognition," he said.By the time the Intifada ended in the early 90s, over 1,000 people had been killed, and Gaza was left in ruin from the fighting.Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization would eventually agree to the Oslo Accords in 1993 which granted Palestinians the right to self-government.Heschel said the treaty was a good start but leaders on both sides could have done more to decrease the tensions and violence.Freilich said that the Palestinian Authority, which governed Gaza and continues to govern the West Bank, did try to crack down on terrorism alongside the Israeli government, but it was not always successful and groups like Hamas continued to incite and inflict violence on Israel.In 2000, a Second Intifada began, and hundreds more were hurt and killed in the violent protests. Five years later, the Israeli government voted to withdraw from Gaza and then-Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon expelled 9,480 Jewish settlers from 21 settlements from the region."That withdrawal of the Jewish settlements left some Israeli Jews with the resentment that inflames them to this day," Heschel said.A 2006 election where Hamas became Gaza's leading party has led to increased violence, and a decline in economic resources for its people, as Israel and other nations cut off support. Israel and Egypt imposed a blockade on the coastal strip, which continues to this day."It's unfortunate that Hamas came into power. It's not supported by the majority of the people," Heschel said.Hamas, which contends it is resisting Israel’s oppression of Palestinians, continued to attack Israel in the subsequent years with rockets, kidnappings and other violence leading to major military action by Israel in 2008, 2012, and 2014."It's part of a long-term campaign to repeatedly weaken Israel with conflict after conflict," Freilich said.Freilich added that the recent turmoil within the Israeli government, from its multiple elections in the last six years to the recent turmoil over the changes to its judicial changes, have left Israeli leaders fractured."Their attention was diverted…and we saw the results on Saturday," he said.Last week's attack by Hamas that has killed over 900 Israeli citizens and wounded over 2,300 was unprecedented and puts the region in "uncharted territory," Heschel said.This is the first time in 50 years that civilians were attacked on Israeli soil and it will only lead to more devastation and destruction for both sides, according to the professor."What Hamas did was not to the benefit of the people of Gaza," Heschel said. "Everyone knows, anybody knows and Hamas certainly knew, that in attacking Israel and inflicting so much destruction and murder on Israeli civilians that there would be retaliation."Heschel and Freilich said that it is impossible to determine the long-term ramifications of Hamas' attack and Israel's retaliation, but said that both sides will be living in fear as the violence escalates."To even think that Israel would think at this point that Israel would include a peace process with [Hamas] is totally unrealistic," Freilich said.Even though emotions are high and there is still violence likely to continue for the foreseeable future, Heschel, insisted that Israeli and Palestinian leaders needed to push back against Hamas and its influence and really take time to work out the decades-festering issue over the land."Let's…try to think in clear terms about what we can do for the future so that things can get better," she said. "What's the strategy? Not the strategy for the moment but the strategy for 10, 20, 30 years from now. How can we get there?"。此外，一个FRB信号被重复，历史上只有一个FRB病例被重复。

三 | 这次，特别的一点是信号已经重复了六次，这确实是一个值得注意的新发现。13快速无线风暴动画草图NRAO外展/T.Jarrett（IPAC/Caltech）；B.Saxton，NRAO/AUI/NSF Highlight！本文所提及的FRB发现的主要意义在于，FRB的发现次数仅为60次以上。在13个新发现的FRB事件中，有的频率较低，有的是重复信号，相当于新类型信号的发现。

四 | 它丰富了我们的快速无线电突发事件数据库，帮助我们了解FRB的性质。到目前为止，论文的结论是。要想出版这样一篇顶级的论文，就需要新的发现。如果只找到FRB事件，就不可能发表自然论文。本文的发现是基于对这些相对低频和重复信号的发现，没有任何与外星人有关的声明。所以关于宇宙深处这个神秘的无线电信号探测事件最有趣的事情是：这些信号是从哪里来的？我们不知道！在完全理解FRB之前，所有的可能性都存在。当然，外星人并非不可能，但可能性有多大？每时每刻，宇宙中各种天体都会发出各种电磁辐射。除了无线电波和微波，还有能量更高的辐射类型，如X射线和伽马辐射。宇宙中有一种神秘的现象，它发生得很快，放射出很高的能量，很快就消失了。它被称为“快速无线电爆发”（frbs），持续时间很短，通常只有几毫秒。这是一种银河系外的无线电波，其物理起源尚不清楚。它可以释放相当于太阳一整天释放的能量，因此它可以在数十亿光年之外。以上已经观察到，但它们的具体生产机制仍存在争议。有些人甚至认为这是外星人发出的信号。我们如何检测这些神秘的信号？你可以看到这段视频来说明为什么我们的理解如此模糊，主要是因为缺乏数据。自从2007年天文学家首次发现FRB以来，人类只记录了大约60次这样的事件。但近年来，相关案件数量迅速增加。探测到的FRB1121102是唯一一次观测到的重复性快速无线电风暴。此外，过去快速风暴记录的最低无线电频率是700兆赫。

五 | 根据自然科学，在一篇论文中，CHIME/FRB合作项目报告了加拿大氢强度测绘实验（CHIME）仪器最近检测到的13次快速无线风暴，其中至少7次的频率为400兆赫（目前记录的最低频率）。妗FRB 180814.J0422 73位置。在另一篇论文中，CHIME/FRB合作项目最近检测到的13次快速无线电风暴的动态谱中，CHIME/FRB合作项目指出，在新检测到的快速无线电风暴中，一次名为FRB 180814.J0422 73的快速无线电风暴将反复爆发，只是第二次。作者报告了6次检测到的重复性疫情，这些疫情似乎来自同一地点。据估计，这些喷发起源于距地球15亿光年的地方，大约是另一次重复性风暴FRB1121102的一半。

六 | 作者指出了两次重复的风暴之间的一些相似之处，或表明它们具有相似的辐射机制或传播效应。FRB 180814.J0422 73快速无线爆发的射频和时间图。当然，科学家并不完全不知道这些问题。例如，它们的起源以前被认为是来自遥远宇宙中的超新星爆炸，或者说是超大质量黑洞。英属哥伦比亚大学天体物理学家、钟声望远镜科学组成员英格丽德·斯泰尔斯说：“直到最近，我们只记录了一次FRB信号的重复。”他说：“随着更多的重复和源数据的出现，我们将有机会加深对这个宇宙的了解。是的，比如他们是从哪里来的？它们发生的原因是什么？哈佛-史密森天体物理中心的资深科学家阿维-勒布并未直接参与这项研究，但他对这项研究发表了评论，并表示，目前我们不能排除“人工起源”的可能性，例如来自外星航天器的脉冲信号，因为科学家观察到的FRB事件的数据是OT非常大，那么FRB事件的起源是什么？不可能给出明确而科学的解释。

七 | 说到这一点，我们会立即联想到“三体”中的“不答，不答”。

八 | 事实上，我们不能排除这是外星人发送给我们的信号。

九 | 与刘慈新有媒体联系。

十 | 他认为这种无线电波应该得到认真的响应。但许多类似的无线电波已被证明是自然现象，而不是外星生命。刘慈新还说，如果是他自己的，他可能暂时不回复，等待更多的信息收集后再做决定。无论如何，这些新发现的信号将帮助科学家更接近问题的最终真相。

十一 | 换言之，这是第二种情况的frb信号，它本身可以排除许多现有的遗传理论。这些重建的信号来自夜空中的同一点，估计距离地球约15亿光年，在几个月内重复6次。事实上，这种重复本身已经排除了一些灾难，例如超新星爆炸，因为恒星死亡时的最后一次爆炸只发生一次。此外，加拿大团队的新发现表明，frbs可能比以前想象的更常见，但我们目前的技术在检测方面可能仍然存在一些缺陷。另一个事实是，多达七个信号的频率只有400兆赫，这是历史上已知的最低频率，但这也是蜂鸣器可以检测到的最低频率限制。

十二 | 这意味着，如果频率较低的FRB通过地球，我们实际上无法探测到它们。欧盟国家天文台研究员陈雪莉说，这是加拿大编钟望远镜的一个重要新发现。中国团队开发的天震望远镜阵列与钟声非常相似。

十三 | 它具有很大的视场，非常适合搜索这种偶然信号。

十四 | 奇美尔成功地发现了许多FRB，这证明了这种望远镜的价值。在几年前发现第一个frb后，我们提出了开发frb数字处理终端进行frb搜索的希望。去年，在国家天文台前期研究基金的支持下，启动了一个小型实验系统。现在硬件已经生产出来了。预计今年上半年将安装在天基望远镜上。陈雪莉还说：“至于公众的强烈兴趣，可能是关注它是否是外星人发出的信号。这种可能性很小。这更有可能是一种自然现象。对以往发现的一次重复性风暴的爆炸规律进行了统计分析，发现其与地震规律相似。因此，我们假设它可能是由中子星的恒星冲击引起的。这一新发现的重复风暴将有助于我们进一步分析这一现象并检验我们的理论。这一发现的另一个亮点是，他们在较低的频率发现了frb，这是由诸如mwa和lofar等低频望远镜搜索到的，但没有被发现，因此一些人怀疑这种辐射只发生在较高的频率，这为其辐射机制提供了线索。但这一发现表明，这不一定是真的。由于嵌合体的观测频率仍高于Lofar和Mwa，所以这个问题还没有完全解决，但这表明FRB仍有很多研究。综上所述，科学家对探测宇宙深处神秘的无线电信号非常科学、专业和谨慎。